Ɏɨɥɢɟɜɚɹɤɢɫɥɨɬɚɜɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢɦɝɤɝɫɪɟɞɵɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɱɚɫɬɨɬɭɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɟ
ɦɨɫɬɢɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣɤɪɵɥɚɬɢɩɚ©ɜɵɪɟɡɤɚªɜɨɛɟɢɯɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɯɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯɢɫɩɨɥɶ
ɡɭɟɦɵɯɧɚɦɢɜɞɚɧɧɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɟɢɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɧɚɠɢɡɧɟɫɩɨ
ɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶɜɩɟɪɜɭɸɨɱɟɪɟɞɶɜɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢɩɥɨɞɨɜɢɬɨɫɬɢɢɜɦɟɧɶɲɟɣɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɧɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭɪɚɧɧɢɯɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɢɩɨɫɬɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɥɟɬɚɥɟɣ
ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɦɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɜ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɟɩɪɢɨɰɟɧɤɟɜɥɢɹɧɢɹɰɢɬɨɫɬɚɬɢɤɨɜɜɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯɯɢɦɟɨɬɟɪɚɩɢɢɫɬɨɱɤɢ
ɡɪɟɧɢɹɜɥɢɹɧɢɹɮɨɥɢɟɜɨɣɤɢɫɥɨɬɵɤɚɤɧɚɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɠɢɡɧɟɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢɬɚɤɢɢɧ ɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɚɩɨɩɬɨɡɚ
ɈɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɚɨɰɟɧɤɚɠɢɡɧɟɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢɞɜɭɯɥɢɧɢɣɞɢɤɨɝɨɬɢɩɚȺɪɚɦɢɥɶ
ɢ Ȼɢɨɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ Ɉɛɟ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɩɥɨɞɨɜɢɬɨɫɬɢ ɢ
ɧɢɡɤɭɸɱɚɫɬɨɬɭɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɦɨɫɬɢɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɢɩɨɫɬɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɥɟɬɚɥɟɣ
Ɇɟɬɨɬɪɟɤɫɚɬɜɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢɦɝɤɝɫɪɟɞɵɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɢɧɝɢɛɢɪɭɸɳɢɣɷɮɮɟɤɬɧɚ
ɩɥɨɞɨɜɢɬɨɫɬɶɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɱɚɫɬɨɬɭɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɦɨɫɬɢɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɥɟɬɚɥɟɣɧɨ
ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɩɨɫɬɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɥɟɬɚɥɟɣɉɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬɞɨɫɬɨ
ɜɟɪɧɨɟɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɱɚɫɬɨɬɵɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɦɨɫɬɢɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɤɪɵɥɚɬɢɩɚ©ɜɵɪɟɡɤɚª
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Ⱥɤɬɢɜɢɡɚɰɢɹɩɨɡɧɚɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɭɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹ±ɷɬɨɨɞɢɧɢɡɤɥɸɱɟɜɵɯ
ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɈɛɳɟɫɬɜɭɧɭɠɟɧɜɵɩɭɫɤɧɢɤɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶ
ɧɨɦɵɫɥɹɳɢɣɭɦɟɸɳɢɣɜɢɞɟɬɶɢɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɪɟɲɚɬɶɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɢɟɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵɁɚ
ɞɚɱɚɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɝɨɭɱɢɬɟɥɹ±ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɬɶɪɟɛɺɧɤɚɢɪɚɡɜɢɬɶɟɝɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢɩɨɞɝɨ
ɬɨɜɢɬɶɩɨɱɜɭɞɥɹɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɛɵɷɬɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢɛɵɥɢɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ
ȼɧɟɭɪɨɱɧɚɹɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɢɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢɋɬɚɧ
ɞɚɪɬɚɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɟɬɫɹɩɨɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢɨɛɳɟɢɧɬɟɥ ɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɟ
ɨɛɳɟɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɧɨɧɪɚɜɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨ
ɨɡɞɨɪɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟɢɬɞɈɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɡɚɧɹɬɢɣɩɨɷɬɢɦɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɧɟɨɬɴɟɦɥɟɦɨɣɱɚɫɬɶɸɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ
ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɜɧɟɭɪɨɱɧɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɜɵɯɨɞɢɬɡɚɪɚɦɤɢɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ
ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵɢɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɦɢɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹɱɬɨɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɪɚɫ
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ɫɜɹɡɢɫɧɟɯɜɚɬɤɨɣɜɪɟɦɟɧɢɛɨɥɶɲɨɣɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸɢɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɦɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɝɨɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɲɤɨɥɶɧɵɣɭɱɢɬɟɥɶɪɟɞɤɨɦɨɠɟɬɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɬɶɜɧɟɭɪɨɱɧɭɸɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ
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ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹȼɧɚɲɟɦɝɨɪɨɞɟɇɢɠ
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ɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹɁɞɟɫɶɨɧɢɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɸɬɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɸɬɢɭɝɥɭɛɥɹɸɬɡɧɚɧɢɹɩɨɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ
ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟɜɲɤɨɥɟɢɜɞɟɬɫɤɨɦɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɢ©ɘɧɵɟɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɢɩɪɢɪɨɞɵª
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ɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɭɱɚɳɢɟɫɹɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɧɚɭɱɧɨɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɟɪɚɛɨɬɵɩɨɛɢɨɥɨɝɢ
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ȼɷɬɨɦɫɥɭɱɚɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸ
ɳɚɹɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɭɫɜɚɢɜɚɬɶɡɧɚɧɢɹɭɱɢɬɶɫɹɢɯɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɨɛɨɛɳɚɬɶɢɧɬɟɝ
ɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɞɟɥɚɬɶɢɯɛɨɥɟɟɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɨɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ
ɉɪɨɟɤɬɧɚɹɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɦɨɝɚɟɬɭɱɚɳɢɦɫɹɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɶɭɱɟɛɧɭɸɞɟɹɬɟɥɶ
ɧɨɫɬɶɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɢɯɩɨɡɧɚɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣɢɧɬɟɪɟɫȾɟɬɢɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɟ
ɨɬɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɬɪɭɞɚɉɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɹɹɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɹɩɨɛɭɠɞɚɸɳɚɹɭɜɥɟ
ɱɟɧɧɨɝɨɪɟɛɟɧɤɚɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɶɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɩɨɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹɜɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɭɢɜɵɜɟɫɬɢɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ
ɭɱɟɧɢɤɚɧɚɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɧɨɜɵɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ȼɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟɧɚɭɱɧɨɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɵɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɟɬɨɞɚɩɪɨ
ɟɤɬɨɜɭɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɚɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɟɩɨɜɵ
ɲɟɧɢɟɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚɢɨɧɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹɞɥɹɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɩɨɦɨɳɢ
ɭɱɟɧɢɤɚɦɜɭɫɜɨɟɧɢɢɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɫɭɱɟɬɨɦɢɯɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɫɨɛɟɧ
ɧɨɫɬɟɣɜɵɛɨɪɚɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɵɯɢɩɪɨɮɢɥɶɧɵɯɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜ
ȼɫɟɩɪɨɟɤɬɵɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɟɭɱɚɳɢɦɢɫɹɜɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣɪɚ
ɛɨɬɵɡɚɫɥɭɲɢɜɚɸɬɫɹɧɚɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɣɧɚɭɱɧɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ
ɢɧɚɮɟɫɬɢɜɚɥɟɞɟɬɫɤɨɝɨɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ©Ɂɟɥɟɧɚɹɜɨɥɧɚªɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹɟɠɟɝɨɞɧɨɉɪɢɦɟɪɨɦɦɨɝɭɬɫɥɭɠɢɬɶɧɚɭɱɧɨɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɟɩɪɨ
ɟɤɬɵ©Ʌɟɱɟɛɧɵɟɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɫɨɤɚɚɥɨɷɢɟɝɨɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɩɪɢɭɤɨɪɟɧɟɧɢɢɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣª
±ɦɟɫɬɨɧɚɮɟɫɬɢɜɚɥɟ©ɁɟɥɟɧɚɹɜɨɥɧɚªɢɝɪɚɦɨɬɚɧɚɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɣɇɉɄ
©ɗɤɨɥɨɝɢɹɮɨɬɨɫɢɧɬɟɡɚɜɨɞɧɨɝɨɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹª±ɦɟɫɬɨɧɚɮɟɫɬɢɜɚɥɟ©Ɂɟɥɟɧɚɹɜɨɥ ɧɚªɢɝɪɚɦɨɬɚɧɚɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣɲɤɨɥɶɧɨɣɇɉɄɉɪɨɟɤɬ©ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɫɨɤɚɚɥɨɷɩɪɢ
ɭɤɨɪɟɧɟɧɢɢɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣªɩɪɨɲɟɥɨɬɛɨɪɢɛɵɥɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɚ;,,ɨɛɥɚɫɬɧɨɦɷɤɨɥɨ
ɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɮɨɪɭɦɟɜɝɨɪɨɞɟȿɤɚɬɟɪɢɧɛɭɪɝ
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ȼɩɟɪɢɨɞɥɟɬɧɢɯɤɚɧɢɤɭɥɜɧɟɭɪɨɱɧɚɹɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɧɟɨɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɅɟ
ɬɨɦɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɥɚɝɟɪɟɣɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɥɚ
ɝɟɪɧɵɯɫɦɟɧɢɥɟɬɧɢɟɲɤɨɥɵɜɨɜɪɟɦɹɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɭɱɚɳɢɟɫɹɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹɫɬɟɦɨɣ
ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɵɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɚɧɚɥɢɡɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɩɨɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɣɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɟ
ɫɨɛɢɪɚɸɬɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɚɩɪɨɛɚɰɢɸɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚ
Ɍɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɜɧɟɭɪɨɱɧɚɹɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ±ɷɬɨɜɚɠɧɵɣɤɨɦɩɨ
ɧɟɧɬɫɢɫɬɟɦɵɭɪɨɱɧɨɜɧɟɭɪɨɱɧɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹɩɨɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɭɗɬɚɪɚɛɨ
ɬɚɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɢɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹ ȼɧɟɭɪɨɱɧɭɸɪɚɛɨɬɭɩɨɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɢɦɨɠɧɨɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶɤɚɤɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɞɥɹɪɟɚɥɢ
ɡɚɰɢɢɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɯɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹɞɥɹɩɪɨɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɭɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹ
ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɤɫɚɦɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɸɑɬɨɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬɪɟɛɹɬɚɦɭɱɚɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶɜɨɥɢɦɩɢɚɞɚɯ
ɢɧɚɭɱɧɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɹɯɩɨɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɢɢɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɢɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɡɧɚ ɱɢɦɵɯɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯɪɚɡɧɨɝɨɭɪɨɜɧɹɄɪɨɦɟɬɨɝɨɜɫɺɷɬɨɞɨɥɠɧɨ
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