- 30.12.2020
- 3422
- 4
Тема урока: Electric Power. Electricity
Цели урока:
1. Активизировать лексику по теме «Electric Power. Electricity».
2. Развивать коммуникативные умения в рамках предложенной темы.
3. Совершенствовать умение работать в коллективе: внимательно слушать собеседника, вежливо реагировать на просьбы и вопросы собеседника, вступать в общение.
Ход урока
I. Организационный момент
- Good morning! I am glad to see you! How are you today? And who is absent today? Students, you know one expression “If you are a master of your trade, you are a master of your fate”. Your future specialty is technical operation and maintenance of the electrical and electromechanical equipment.
- Everybody knows well the role of electricity in our life. Can you list the many ways you use electricity? Electricity is helpful and is one of the most useful forms of energy. But, helping people, the electricity can be dangerous to those who does not know or neglects rules of an electro security and use of household appliances.
II.Фонетическая зарядка
- When we speak English about electricity, we use different words. I give you the card, repeat after me these words:
a unit (an appliance) – прибор electro bulb – электролампочка
wiring – провод, шнур to avoid touching – избегать соприкосновения
to prevent burn – предотвратить пожар to cause a fire – вызвать пожар
to unplug – вытащить из розетки to repair – ремонтировать
damaged – поврежденный over winded – перекрученный
III.Основная часть урока (Приложение №2)
1)Vocabulary:
advantage — преимущество appearance — появление
application — применение, заявление completely — полностью, целиком
consumption — потребление, расход cover — охватить, охватывать,
design — конструировать, проектировать device — прибор, устройство
double — удваивать efficient — эффективный
generate — вырабатывать, производить imagine — представлять себе, воображать
invent — изобретать power — энергия, мощность
property — свойство recent - недавний
reduce – уменьшать, снижать replace – заменять
set up – воздвигать, сооружать source – источник
state –положение, состояние such as – такой как
transform – преобразовывать turn – поворачиваться, обратиться
wide – широкий without – без
whole – целый, весь in the case of – в случае
to be based on – основываться, быть основанным на
2). Work with the text “ Electric Power”. “Electricity”. I divide you into pairs. Read your paragraph and translate it. I give you 5-7 minutes
Text A. Electric Power
Electric Power is generated by converting heat, light, chemical energy, or mechanical energy to electrical energy. Most electrical energy is produced in large power stations by the conversion of mechanical energy or heat. The mechanical energy of falling water is used to drive turbine generators in hydroelectric stations, and the heat derived by burning coal, oil, or other fossil fuels is used to operate steam turbines or internal-combustion engines that drive electric generators. Also, the heat from the fissioning of uranium or plutonium is used to generate steam for turbine generator in a nuclear power plant.
Electricity generated by the conversion of light or chemical energy is used mainly for portable power sources. For example, a photoelectric cell converts the energy from light to electrical energy for operating the exposure meter in a camera, and a lead-acid battery converts chemical energy to electrical energy for starting an automobile engine.
Electric power produced in large power stations generally is transmitted by using an alternating current that reverses direction 25, 50, or 60 times per second. The basic unit for measuring electric power is the watt – the rate at which work is being done in an electric circuit in which the current is one ampere and the electromotive force is one volt.
Electric energy consumption normally is given in kilowatt-hours – that is, the number of kilowatts used times the number of hours of use. Electricity is clean, inexpensive, and easily transmitted over long distances. Since the 1880’s, electricity has had an ever-increasing role in improving the standard of living. Now it is used to operate lights, pumps, elevators, power tools, furnaces, refrigerators, air-conditioners, radios, television sets, industrial machinery, and many other kinds of equipment.
Read the text B and list the most important inventions in the field of electrical engineering. Translate.
Electricity
It is impossible to imagine our civilization without electricity: economic and social progress will be turned to the past and our daily lives completely transformed.
Electrical power has become universal. Thousands of applications of electricity such as lighting, electrochemistry and electrometallurgy are longstanding and unquestionable.
With the appearance of the electrical motor, power cables replaced transmission shafts, gear wheels, belts and pulleys[1] in the 19-th century workshops. And in the home a whole range of various time and labour saving appliances2 have become a part of our everyday lives.
Other devices are based on specific properties of electricity: electrostatics in the case of photocopying machine and electromagnetism in the case of radar and television. These applications have made electricity most widely used.
The first industrial application was in the silver workshops in Paris. The generator — a new compact source of electricity — was also developed there. The generator replaced the batteries and other devices that had been used before.
Electric lighting came into wide use at the end of the last century with the development of the electric lamp by Thomas Edison. Then the transformer was invented, the first electric lines and networks were set up, dynamos and induction motors3 were designed.
Since the beginning of the 20th century the successful development of electricity has begun throughout the industrial world. The consumption of electricity has doubled every ten years.
Today consumption of electricity per capita4 is an indicator of the state of development and economic health of a nation. Electricity has replaced other sources of energy as it has been realized that it offers improved service and reduced cost.
One of the greatest advantages of electricity is that it is clean, easily-regulated and generates no by-products5. Applications of electricity now cover all fields of human activity from house washing machines to the latest laser devices. Electricity is the efficient source of some of the most recent technological advances such as the laser and electron beams. Truly6 electricity provides mankind with the energy of the future.
Notes to the Text
1. transmission shafts, gear wheels, belts and pulleys — трансмиссионные валы, зубчатые колеса, ремни и блоки
2. time and labour saving appliances — электроприборы, экономящие время и труд
3. induction motors — индукционные моторы
4. per capita — на человека; на душу населения
5. by-products — побочные продукты
6. truly — поистине
IV.Practice
Task 1. Answer the questions from the text A and B:
1.How is Electric Power generated?
2.How is the most electrical energy produced in large power stations?
3.What is used to drive turbine generators in hydroelectric stations?
4. What is used to operate steam turbines or internal-combustion engines that drive electric generators?
5.What is Electricity generated by the conversion of light or chemical energy used for?
6.What is the basic unit for measuring electric power?
7.What are the advantages of Electricity?
8. What is this text about?
9. What industrial applications of electricity do you know?
10. What home applications of electricity do you know?
11. Where was the generator developed?
12. Who invented the electric lamp?
13. Do you know who invented the dynamo?
14. Can you imagine our life without electricity? Why?
V. Task 2. Match the word and its definition.
1. A machine for producing electricity a)current
2. Energy or force that can be used to do work b)electricity
3. A substance able to attract iron, either natural or by means of electric current c)circuit
4. A flow of electricity through something or along a wire or cable d)power
5. A supply of electric current for heating, lightning, etc e)generator
6. An engine or motor whose driving-wheels turned by a current of water, steam or gas f)magnet
7. A closed path for an electric current g)turbine
VII.Task 3.Make a sentence out of the two parts:
1. Electricity …
2. The applications of electricity in the home and industry …
3. Electricity was used for the first time …
4. The generator, a new source of electricity …
5. Since the beginning of the 20-th century …
6. Today consumption of electricity …
a) have already become universal.
b) has completely transformed our everyday life.
c) per capita is an indicator of the state of development of a nation.
d) the wide industrial use of electricity has begun throughout the world.
e) was also developed in Paris.
f) for industrial purposes in the silver workshops in Paris.
Task 4.Match the words with the opposite
1.To turn into (on) a)to increase
2.Insulator b) to turn out (
3.To decrease c)closed
4.Direct d)step-down
5.Initial e)alternating
6.Opened f)final
7.Step-up g) conductor
8.Advantage h)conduction
9.Series i)variable
10.Positive j)disadvantage
11.Resistance k)parallel
12.Constant l)negative
VIII.Подведение итогов урока
-Do you like our lesson? What do you like? Your future profession is important with knowledge of English. Yes, you were active today. You’ve worked very good, everybody gets a good mark.
IX. Relaxation.
X. Conclusion.
Write down your home work.
Use the exercises as well as the following words and word combinations for your topic:
it is difficult to imagine; applications such as; completely; to replace; to come into wide use;
to double every ten years; to be an indicator; the latest technological advances. Speak about:
1.Electricity — its nature, history and development.
2.Applications of electricity cover all fields of human activity.
- Thank you for the lesson, good bye!
Рабочие листы
к вашим урокам
Скачать
6 662 768 материалов в базе
Настоящий материал опубликован пользователем Малиновкина Ольга Валерьевна. Инфоурок является информационным посредником и предоставляет пользователям возможность размещать на сайте методические материалы. Всю ответственность за опубликованные материалы, содержащиеся в них сведения, а также за соблюдение авторских прав несут пользователи, загрузившие материал на сайт
Если Вы считаете, что материал нарушает авторские права либо по каким-то другим причинам должен быть удален с сайта, Вы можете оставить жалобу на материал.
Удалить материал
Ваша скидка на курсы
40%
Курс профессиональной переподготовки
600 ч.
Курс профессиональной переподготовки
300/600 ч.
Курс повышения квалификации
72/180 ч.
Мини-курс
3 ч.
Мини-курс
5 ч.
Оставьте свой комментарий
Авторизуйтесь, чтобы задавать вопросы.