ГУ
"Тогузакская средняя школа
отдела
образования акимата Карабалыкского района"
Направление:
Краеведение
Секция:
Английский язык
Тема: From our window
Автор: Евтюшкина Эльвира Андреевна,
11 класс, Тогузакская СШ, с. Тогузак
Руководитель: Овчинникова Галина Сергеевна,
английский язык, Тогузакская СШ, с.
Тогузак
Научный консультант: Штальман Елена
Сергеевна,
история, Тогузакская СШ, с. Тогузак
2014
Contents:
Introduction .......................................................................................................................3
1. Study of
history of Toguzak settlement
1.1 The history of
my village..................................…………………………..........….....6
1.2 On the railway
station ...........................................……………………………..….....9
2. Survey results'
evaluation of the historic period from 1929 till 2014
2.1 Survey for the
evaluation of the period by the settlement residents.........................14
2.2 Analysis of
the survey................................................................................................15
2.3 Strategic
ideas for the settlement................................................................................16
Conclusion
…………………………………………………….......................................17
References........................................................................................................................18
Appendices
Introduction
As English has become the
dominant international common language in the world, the State program for
the development and functioning of languages in the Republic of Kazakhstan for
2011-2020 has been adopted by the Decree of the President of Republic of
Kazakhstan. The goal of the program – a harmonious language policy, which
provides full-scale functioning of the state language as the most important
factor for strengthening national unity by preservation of languages of all
ethnic groups living in Kazakhstan. As a result of implementation of the State
program for the development and functioning of languages Kazakhstan should
achieve the following key indicators: increase of the share of republic’s
population that speaks English to 10 % by 2014, to 15 % by 2017, to 20 % by
2020. [1]
The educational
system of Kazakhstan has changed dramatically within a few last years.
Especially the modifications are related to the content and functions of
foreign language teaching and learning caused by changes in policy, economy and
society. Even fifty years ago the number of people who needed to know the
foreign language was quite small, but nowadays the situation has changed. The
growth of professional requirements to foreign language knowledhe has been
observed under the conditions of the fast developing intercultural integration
and international policy held by Kazakhstan. All these conditions led to the
modernization and intensification of of motivation of three languages policy as
a new direction in the state policy of education [2].
In our project work we
observe both history period from 1913 till 2014 of settlement Toguzak.
So the topic of our project work is
“Yesterday, today, tomorrow of settlement Toguzak”. Creative topic is "The
view from our window".
The relevance of current
research: as rising of the interest to Kazakhstan; students
would like to study history of our settlement in English to develop four basic
language skills; history of Toguzak settlement is described in English for the
first time.
The problem is in fact that older
generation goes off and nobody collects and saves their knowledge of our
settlement, though it can become a cause of disappearing of Toguzak history.
The object of investigation: the
history of settlement.
The subject is the period of history
from1913 till 2014.
The hypothesis: if we collect and save
the historical information about Toguzak settlement it will become cultural
inheritage.
The
aim of the research: to study the history of the settlement and
work out ideas of its development.
The following objectives are established:
1.
To
define a research problem.
2.
To
study literature on this issue.
3.
To
systematize historical data of village.
4.
To
work out the ideas for the future development of the settlement.
5.
To
create a web page about our village.
In our investigation we use the
following research methods:
· studying and
analyzing literature;
· descriptive
method
· contextual
method
· transformative
method
·
generalization
of older generation's experience;
Structurally
research consists of:
·
introduction
·
theoretical
part
·
practical
part
·
conclusion
·
references
·
appendices
In the
introduction we set such points as the relevance of the topic,
subject and object, advanced the hypothesis, the main goal and the objectives,
indicated research methods, which we used in our investigation, scientific
bases and practical value of our research.
The theoretical
part we consider the location of settlement, describe the
characteristics of Toguzak from 1913 till nowadays, the benefits being the
Toguzak railway station and the difficulties that occur.
The
practical part is devoted to working out the ideas if settlement
development.
In the
conclusion we summarize results of our investigation and give
proof of the theoretical and practical value of the work and make conclusion.
Appendices contain the
additional material to the theoretical and practical parts such as articles.
The spheres of
approbation are the school lessons and extracurricular activities;
teachers’ professional development seminars.
The practical value:
the materials can be used in language teaching lesson.
1.
Study of history of Toguzak settlement
1.1.
History of my village
I live
in a little settlement called Toguzak in the large country of Kazakhstan. The
history of my village has mostly been lost, but through talking to our elders,
we have been able to gather the facts about our village and the legend of the
“nine white swans”.
Our
village has a history filled with both glorious and bitter stories. There have
been victories, heroic exploits and heavy labour but we also enjoy great pine
trees by ‘long livers’, rivers with clean springs, beautiful houses and clean
streets.
Toguzak
is a railhead and is situated on the river Toguzak, 12 kilometers from Komsomolets,
now known as Karabalyk and 140 kms from the regional centre of Kostanay. Where
previously there had been the farm of Stepanovyh, the railway and bridge was
built in 1913, followed by a railway station and barracks to service the
railway. A grain elevator was built in 1970 which consisted of a
caldron, cable and transformer stations, oil and fuel storage, sewage networks
and accommodation. With employment in the settlement the population rose to
1500. The first school in Toguzak was built in 1934 with 500 students. Each
class counted 25 students. There were several desks and benches per 4 pupils in
each classroom [3].
Toguzak
settlement was the largest station settlement and was ruled under the Kostanay
Village Council. Broking of virgin soil brought vanity [4].
In 1994
the district consumer union (first director – Peter Semyonovich DAVIDOV), the
chemical base (first head Lyubov Ivanovna NIR JACKPOT) met with the motor
transportation enterprise “Selkhoztekhnika” (first director Egor Fedorovich of
BYVAKIN) and joined under the name ATEP “Transselkhozkhimy” and moved the
combined enterprise to Toguzak. While the village then had many enterprises,
the settlement did not have a real owner and the inhabitants felt the
settlement lacked amenities and suffered poor conditions. [5]
There
were concerns about the levels of harmful toxic chemicals which had not been
stored correctly. The people took their concerns and formed the Toguzaksky
Village Council on September 25, 1989 which was headed by the director of the
local school Galina Ivanova DMIRIEV. While this gave the people a voice, the
grain elevator and rail station management remained the most powerful decision
makers in Toguzakets. While the station master had worked in his position for
over a quarter of a century and understood their concerns, there were many
different directors working during that time which made it difficult to make
change to fix the problems.
During
the period in the 1990’s when Kazakhstan became Independent, the Toguzaksky
elevator and the station Toguzak survived, however the population reduced from
1500 to 900, leaving many unused buildings which were tidied with the rubbish
being moved to a village dump. The community began repairing buildings
including the recreation centre, post office, House of Culture and the school.
A sports
hall was added to the school and the school was renamed the Toguzak Secondary
School. Ten shops were built including a barber and new streets appeared.
Within sight of
the Toguzak village is Verenskiy, which is a coniferous forest of relict pine
trees and valuable plants which have been included in the Red book - used to
record valuable plants and animals.
However,
with the development of farming and grazing, this special area was being
damaged so the care of this area began being managed by village administration.
Guards protected the area and owners of cattle fined for any damage. More
recently this area has become a protected zone and entry is only allowed with
special permission.
In 2008 with the
support of parents, chiefs and teachers, the Toguzakschool was further
renovated.
The
elevator remains the main industry in the settlement of Toguzak, and is a
subdivision of TOO Grain- growing Industry. The elevator is very important to
agricultural producers, commercial organisations and private people as it
offers many services including grain drying, storage and shipping. This has
encouraged many farmers in our district. The elevator can store grain, legumes
and oil bearing crops. It can handle up to 3000 tonnes of grain over a 24 hour
period. In 2007 the Toguzak elevator was certified as a processor of
international quality standard. [6]
On
October 25, 1894 the first railway line in Kazakhstan opened after completion
of construction of the narrow-gauge line in the Pokrovsk settlement (currently
Engels the Saratov region in the Russian Federation) – Uralsk. 130km of this
railroad passed across current Kazakshtan territory. Four years later, the
narrow-gauge railway between Urbakh and Astrakhan became operational, of which
77km lay on the Kazakhstan steppe.
Construction
in 1891-1896 was of great importance for development of Northern Kazakhstan.
The Trans-Siberian Railway in particular, as it included 190 km through
Kazakhstan. This road played a huge role in economic and cultural rapprochement
of the Kazakh and Russian people.
On July
1st 1958, the largest railway is formed in the USSR the Kazakhstan. Over 11,
000km long, and consisting of 15 offices, uniting all width and meridional
highways connecting Kazakhstan to Siberia, the Urals, the Volga region,
Kyrgyzstan and Central Asia.
The
current branch has been reformed, with the creation of JSC Kazakhstan Temir
Zholy National Company. The reforms are focused on the transformation of
railway transport in the country to a modern, highly affective organism which
is integrated into continental system of transportations and capable as much as
possible to conform to requirements of clients in the conditions of the
developed market competition.
1.2.
On the railway station
Toguzak railway station is a halting
place for freight and passenger trains. At present, railway station are quite
common in Kazakhstan. There are a number of railway stations in Karabalk region.
Toguzak is of mediocre type. About our station it is written in regional
newspaper "Aina".
The Toguzak
station is known to every resident in the area. The first association is the
whistle of the locomotive and the knock of the wheels of passenger and freight trains.
Toguzak rails were laid more than 89 years ago. On August 1, 2004, rail workers
celebrated this date as the 100th anniversary of its creation in the Republic
of Kazakhstan.
Tasbulat
Altayevich Amanzhulov has served as chief of the station for 20 years. He is
responsible for traffic safety of trains, servicing of trains, and is the head
of staff management. He tries to help to akimat and local school. The station
originally consisted of one platforms and four lines.
Verbovaya Larisa
is the person on duty at the station, and Shabalina Lyubov is a manager
Fedor
Proskurnikov and Sergey Malko are ‘Non-destructive testing inspecors’, with
more than 10 years work at the station each.
It was
not easy to become better acquainted with the staff at Toguzak station, as the
railroad is a huge organisation which runs by accurately established rules.
There are nine departments within the station: operators, railway men,
electricians, bridge inspectors, mechanics, drivers, firemen, cashiers, and service
of forest shelter planting, employing 83 people. The viability of the station
and the safety of all workers depends on everyone performing their work exactly
as required. It only takes one bolt to be overlooked, one millimeter in
calculations to be incorrect or one link in the chain to be missing for large
issues to arise. These would result in services being suspended, employees and
community will suffer, and clients and the organisation will suffer heavy
losses. Therefore discipline at the station is rigid as in army because the
responsibility is too great. 24 hour surveillance, daily medical examinations
and a biannual thorough examination are conducted, as employees require
faultless health to perform at their best.
This sophisticated
device is called a ‘moderon’, which transports cross ties and other materials.
The crew of railwaymen
pictured are: the roadman Ivan Lyulyuk, foremen Vasily Vorona and Alexander
Shavshun, adjusters of a way Berik Esmakov, Gennady Zelikh, Igor Zhuchenko,
Vitaly Kolesnik.
Kolesnik
Lyudmila also works here as a ticket clerk. Yefimova Natalya, pictured above,
is a veteran of the railroad, having worked there for 39 years, from 1972.
Togukaz
station services 16 kilometers of railway, which is a site of increased danger
and special complexity.
The
crisis following the collapse of the USSR which affected the while countries’
economy, also affected this once powerful and prosperous area. The railroad
also endured this affect in due time, with a disruption of production as a
result of both deficiency of financing, and a problem with a salary. However
today, as workers note, life is adjusted and even after all shocks were felt,
the sphere of railway transport continues to remain strong and prospective.
Workers do not complain to a decrease in salaries,and to attention to the
problems. This year, for example, the Kazakhstan Temir Zholy company has
implemented a program in which the children of railroad workers who showed
willingness to go in the footsteps of their parents can be trained in higher
and special education institutions funded by the company. The Toguzak station
is working to meet the needs of many clients, and its capacities where are
wider than the available work volume. (Appendix A)
The new
Kazakh government has implemented new policy, and insists that the railroad
should adopt new reforms, which will radically change the all tenor of life.
The time has come that they should consider the privatisation of the railway.
Productivity and correctness of these innovations will be tested in time. For
now, the railroad is still uniform, working and a accurately debugged mechanism
Many
conditions that the rail workers are subject to are harsh. During scorching
heat in the summer, an icy cold winter, during autumn rains and spring snow
melt workers bear watch on the site with which they are entrusted. [7]
One more
distinctive feature of the workers at the station: extraordinary solidarity,
unity, sincere aid to the friend. The secret of a railway brotherhood is
simple: in the Toguzak railway whole families work together, which has even
created dynasties as their children also come to work here and establish new
families. Here relatives, close friends and neighbors all work together –
railway. In Toguzak many well known surnames are Kalenova, Mazanko, Kolesnik,
Zhuchenko, Yefimov, Pavlenko, Padalko, Malko, Voloshchenko, Amanzhulova,
Iksanova. In these families, the profession of a ‘rail worker’ is passed down
to young generations.[5]
2.
Survey results' evaluation of the historic period from 1913 till 2014
2.1
Survey for the evaluation of the period by the settlement residents
Topic
"From our window" wasn't chosen by accident. This project has huge
importance in the development and forming personality of students and citizens.
Very often global history excites people more than history of native land. We
know a lot about building big cities, about history of whole countries, but we
usually forget that our native settlement is a part of the history. That is why
the aim of given project is bringing up love to a little motherland,
elimination of white spots in Toguzak history and making chronicle up.
Researching
and collecting information were made by student of eleventh grade Evtyushkina
Elvira. Thanks to conducted survey we have realized importance of given problem
for Toguzak citizens and how we can achieve aims of the project.
Questionnaires
were used for collecting information. They were made by students under control
of teachers. Some main questions were:
1. What
do you know about native settlement?
2. Do
you want to know something else? What?
3. What
modifications do you want to see in Toguzak?
The main
objective on this stage was clarification of fundamental attitudes of target
audience and acquisition of source information about Toguzak citizen's
knowledge and predilections. More than 150 respondents took a part in the
investigation. They are students, teachers and citizens. Fixation of results
was made in a standard form.
Questionnaires
for the survey were with answers and blanks. Simple calculation and account of
average answers became a basis for ideas of project.
Realization
of citizen's intention is an opportunity to make information of Toguzak
history more accessible for every Internet user even for English speakers.
2.2
Analysis of the survey
For the
purpose of this study, we surveyed school teachers, students, children and
parents with the following questions:
What do they know
about their native land?
What they would
like to know?
What they would
like to have in their village?
The
results showed that only 11% of the people knew the history of their village
but 96% of them would like to see their village become more attractive. They
would like to see a beautiful view and well equipped village from their window.
Those
who went to war did not like to reflect back on that time, but their common
goal was to protect their children, grandchildren and great grandchildren.
While the memories of those who fought in the Second World War are held dear to
the people of the village, there is sadness that there has not been a monument
commemorating them. The people feel it would be respectful to have a monument
to visit and leave flowers on March 9th, which recorded the names of
their relatives and others who fought and lost their lives fighting for peace.
The
school history teachers Elena and Natalia with the geography teacher Yevgenia
Palovna have historical material for a museum, however there is currently a
lack of space to house this.
The
efforts of the teachers and parents combined, the Toguzak school is now one of
the best in the region.
2.3
Strategic ideas for the settlement
As a
result it is appeared idea of creation web page about history of settlement in
English on Toguzak school site.
This page will let us to solve next objectives:
·
it'll
let students, teachers and other users to use information about settlement for
writting scientific works, reports and essays;
·
it
will be able to be a good visual aid in conducting History lessons;
·
it'll
let to add new facts, photos and videos into given material;
·
it'll
immortalize our settlement in Internet and open access for English-speakers to
know about us.
As well,
citizens suppose it's necessary to create parkland with obelisk. Obelisk will
pay tribute to veterans of great war II. These people were pride of settlement
and they have the right on the graven memory.
Action
group of our school have created mini projects of obelisk. (Appendix B)
Afterwards we
organized online vote. The second one was chosen.
The
obelisk will be able to become a visit card of our settlement and reference
point in what direction visitors should move.
We (descendants)
ought to render duty in conscience.
Conclusion
This
project is very important for our village. Research has been sourced from
newspaper publications, archived statistical data and questioning of elderly
residents along with the younger generations.
Questions
were asked about how they each viewed their village. It was evident from
discussion that there was no structured historical information and that without
understanding the past, we cannot build plans for the future. Everyone in the
village was united in their dreams of having beautiful views from their
windows. By studying the demographic and economic resources in our area, we
realised that we need to clearly define a future direction for our village in
the short term as it is impossible to plan too many years ahead. We were also
guided by the message of our President of Kazakhstan 2050 which was reported on
December 14, 2012.
This
project incorporates both patriotic education and English communication.
I never
imagined that living in a small town could have such an impact on my life.
You can
begin to see that Toguzak is a small town. The population is roughly 300
people. Our main street consists of school, post office, elevator.
In New
York if people are out and about, it's not often that they see anyone they
know. Here, it's just the opposite. We can tell who's uptown by the cars parked
on Main Street. It's unusual to see anyone you don't know.
Everybody
who lives here has always felt safe, and slept well. That has changed a little
in the pastmonths.
We live 140
kms away from Kostanay. It's very good position.
The
history of my village has mostly been lost, but through talking to our elders,
we have been able to gather the facts about our village and the legend of the
“nine white swans”.
Our
village has a history filled with both glorious and bitter stories. There have
been victories, heroic exploits and heavy labour but we also enjoy great pine
trees by ‘long livers’, rivers with clean springs, beautiful houses and clean
streets.
References
1. The State
program for the development and functioning of languages in the Republic of
Kazakhstan
http://www.akorda.kz/en/category/gos_programmi_razvitiya
2. state PROGRAM OF EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN THE
REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN FOR 2011–2020
3.http://kostanay1879.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3027&Itemid=46
4.http://kostanay1879.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3060&Itemid=46
5.
Данные по похозяйственной книге станции Тогузак
4.
Свиркович И. "Тогузакский элеватор: 90 лет служения родине, хранению
хлеба"// Карабалыкская районная газета "Айна" от 2013 июль 22 стр
3
http://ainanews.kz/post.php?id=1516
6.
Макарва Т. "На ближайшей станции сойду"// Карабалыкская районная
газета "Айна" от 2004 август 5 № 33 (188) стр 5
http://karabalik.narod.ru/archiv/2004/188.htm
6.
Черныш П. М. "Наш
отчий край Карабалык"изд. Костанай, 2004. – С. 323-325
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