3. The greatest battles of the war.
Operation
Barbarossa was
the code name for
Nazi
Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II that
began on 22 June 1941. It was the largest military offensive in history. In
addition to the large number of troops, it also involved 600,000 motor vehicles
and 750,000 horses. Planning for Operation Barbarossa started on 18 December
1940; the secret preparations and the military operation itself lasted almost a
year, from spring to winter 1941. . The primary targets of this surprise
offensive were the Baltic region, Moscow and Ukraine, with the ultimate goal of ending the 1941 campaign near the Arkhangelsk-Astrakhan line, from the Caspian to the White Seas
.Tactically, the Germans had won some resounding victories and occupied some of
the most important economic areas of the country, mainly in Ukraine.
Despite these successes, the Germans were pushed back from Moscow.
The Battle of Stalingrad (23 August 1942 – 2 February 1943) was a major battle of World War II in which Nazi Germany fought the Soviet Union for control of the city
of Stalingrad
(now Volgograd)in the south-western Soviet Union.
The
German offensive to capture Stalingrad began in late summer 1942 using the 6th Army and elements of the 4th Panzer Army. The attack was
supported by intensive Luftwaffe bombing that reduced much
of the city to rubble. The fighting degenerated into building-to-building fighting, and both sides poured reinforcements
into the city. By mid-November 1942, the Germans had pushed the Soviet
defenders back at great cost into narrow zones generally along the west bank of
the Volga River. In another part of the city, a Soviet platoon under the command of Sergeant Yakov Pavlov fortified a four-story
building that oversaw a square 300 meters from the river bank, later called Pavlov's House. The soldiers surrounded it with minefields, set
up machine-gun positions at the windows and breached the walls in the basement
for better communications. The buildin
On
19 November 1942, the Red Army launched Operation Uranus
Nazi forces on the flanks were
overrun and the 6th Army was cut off and surrounded in the Stalingrad area. Adolf Hitler ordered that the army stay
in Stalingrad and make no attempt to break out; instead, attempts were made to
supply the army by air and to break the encirclement from the outside. Heavy
fighting continued for another two months. By the beginning of February 1943,
the Nazi forces in Stalingrad had exhausted their ammunition and food. The
remaining elements of the 6th Army surrendered. The battle lasted five months, one
week, and three days.
Stalingrad
has been described as the biggest defeat in the history of the German Army. It is often identified as the turning
point on the Eastern Front and even the greatest turning point in the Second
World War.
The Battle of Kursk was a World War II engagement between German and Soviet forces on the Eastern Frontnear Kursk in the Soviet Union during July and August 1943. The German
offensive was code-named Operation
Citadel and led to one of
the largest armoured clashes in history, the Battle of Prokhorovka.. For the Germans, the
battle represented the final strategic offensive they were able to mount in the
east. For the Soviets, the decisive victory gave the Red
Army the strategic initiative
for the rest of the war.“Stalingrad was the end of the beginning, but the Battle of
Kursk was the beginning of the end” —said the prime minister of the UK Winston Churchill.
The Siege
of Leningrad, also known as the Leningrad
Blockade was a prolonged military operation undertaken by
the German Army Group North against Leningrad—historically and currently known as Saint Petersburg—in the Eastern Front theatre of World War II. The siege started on 8 September 1941, when the last road to the city
was severed. Although the Soviets managed to open a narrow land corridor to the
city on 18 January 1943, the siege was finally lifted on 27 January 1944, 872
days after it began. It was one of the longest and most destructive sieges in history . The city was completely isolated until 20 November 1941, when the
ice road over Lake Ladoga became operational.
This road was named the Road of Life (Russian: Дорогажизни). As a road it was very dangerous. There was the risk of
vehicles becoming stuck in the snow or sinking through broken ice caused by the
constant German bombardment. Because of the high winter death toll the route
also became known as the "Road of Death". However, the lifeline did
bring military and food supplies in and took civilians and wounded soldiers
out, allowing the city to continue resisting their enemy.
The
diary of Tanya Savicheva, a girl of 11, her notes about starvation and deaths
of her sister, then grandmother, then brother, then uncle, then another uncle,
then mother. The last three notes say "Savichevs died",
"Everyone died" and "Only Tanya is left." She died of
progressive dystrophy shortly after the siege. Her diary was shown at the Nuremberg trials.
Приложение 2
The Battle Of Moscow
4.
Fill in the missing words in the right form from the given list:
objective
,troops, offensive, take place, defence, liberate, crossing.
The Battle of Moscow … … between October 1941 and January
1942. The Soviet defensive effort frustrated Hitler's attack on Moscow, capital of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the largest Soviet city. Moscow
was one of the primary military and political ….. for Nazi forces in their invasion of the Soviet Union. The German strategic …. Was named Operation
Typhoon.
In November 1941
the German panzer and infantry divisions were concentrated in the narrow front
between town Rogochev and st. Lobnya in order to capture the road-transport ….
and railway bridge near the st.Khlebnikovo and advance to Moscow alone Dmitrov roadway.
On the5th of December the counterattack of Soviet Army began. As a result of
which the Nazi Forces were destroyed and the territory of Moscow Region …. .
The Soviet forces
conducted a strategic …. of the Moscow Oblast by constructing
three defensive belts, deploying newly raised reserve armies, and bringing …. from the Siberian and Far Eastern Military Districts. Subsequently, as the German offensives
were halted, a Soviet strategic counter-offensive and smaller-scale offensive operations
were executed to force the German armies back to the positions around the
cities of Oryol, Vyazma and Vitebsk, nearly surrounding three German armies
in the process.
4. Fill in the missing words in the
right form(Answers)
The Battle of Moscow took place between October 1941
and January 1942. The Soviet defensive effort frustrated Hitler's attack on Moscow, capital of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the largest Soviet city. Moscow
was one of the primary military and political objectives for Nazi forces in their invasion of the Soviet Union. The German strategic offensive was named OperationTyphoon
In November 1941
the German panzer and infantry divisions were concentrated in the narrow
front between town Rogochev and st.Lobnya in order to capture the
road-transport crossing and railway bridge near the st.Khlebnikovo and
advance to Moscow alone Dmitrov roadway. On the5th of December the
counterattack of Soviet Army began. As a result of which the Nazi Forces were
destroyed and the territory of Moscow Region was liberated.The
Soviet forces conducted a strategic
defence of the Moscow Region by constructing
three defensive belts, deploying newly raised reserve armies, and bringing troops from the Siberian and Far Eastern Military Districts. Subsequently, as the German offensives were
halted, a Soviet strategic counter-offensive and smaller-scale offensive operations were
executed to force the German armies back to the positions around the cities
of Oryol, Vyazma and Vitebsk, nearly surrounding three German armies in
the process.
5. Make the sentences passive. You have the sentences on
your cards.
1. Germany attacked the Soviet Union on the 22nd
of June 1941.
2. They bomb the peaceful villages and cities
like Brest and Kiev.
3. Millions of people defended their Motherland.
4. The Soviet Command concentrate all the forces
to defend Moscow.
5. Citizens
of Khlebnikovo and Alexandrovo dug an antitank ditch.
6. They placed the antiaircraft guns on the banks of the Moskva
Canal.
7. Nowadays
people honour the memory of the war soldiers.
8. People erect a
lot of memorials to honour the memory of those who died in the war.
9. The Soviet
Command awarded the name of the Hero of the Soviet Union to 11 633 people.
10. We remember
those soldiers who gave their lives for our Motherland.
5. Make the sentences passive. (Answers).
1 The Soviet
Union was attacked by Germany on the 22nd of June 1941.
2 The peaceful
villages and cities like Brest and Kiev were bombed.
3. OurMotherland
wasdefended bymillions of people.
4.All the forces
wereconcentratedby the Soviet Command to defend Moscow.
5. An antitank
ditch was dug by the citizens of Khlebnikovo and Alexandrovo .
6. The
antiaircraft guns were placed on the banks of theMoskva Canal.
7.The memory of
the war soldiers is honoured nowadays .
8. A lot of
memorials are erected to honour the memory of those who died in the war.
9.The name of the
Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to 11 633 people.
10.Those soldiers
who gave their lives for our Motherland are remembered.
Приложение 3.
Name: Sobin Vasiliy
Birthday: 07/08/23
Born in: in Belgorod Region in the family of a worker.
School :nine forms.
Young years: 1940- lived and worked in Dolgoprudny.
1942-
graduated from Higher Aviation College and gone to the front.
Profession: pilot.
War years: lieutenant, squadron commander of 88th
Fighter Aircraft Regiment.
( командир эскадрильи истребительного полка)
Heroic deeds: 375 fighting flights;
122
air battles;
destroyed 15 German planes;
7 February 1944 : in Kertch
destroyed a bomber, got 9 wounds.
Date of death: 8/02/44.
19 August 1944: awarded the
Hero of the Soviet Union posthumously (посмертно)
Honour: the name of the central square in Dolgoprudny
Name: Nikolay Gastello
Birthday: 06/05/07
Born in: in Moscow in the family of a worker.
School : five forms.
Young years: 1930- lived inKhlebnikovo.
1932-
entered Lugansk Military Aviation School.
1933-
graduated, captain of AF(Air Forces), took part in the Finnish War
and Khalkhin Gol
Profession: pilot.
War years: 26/06/41 was destroyed in the air battle and bumped
his burning aircraft into
enemy’s dislocation bunch, so
the enemy had large losses.
Date of death: 26/06/41.
27 July 1941: awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union posthumously (посмертно)
Honour: the name of the street and school 3 in Khlebnikovo.
Museum in schoo №3.
Оставьте свой комментарий
Авторизуйтесь, чтобы задавать вопросы.